Burner



Patented Oct. 27, 1925.

UNITED STATES CLARENCE A, SEALER, or WAUPUN, WISCONSIN.

BURNER.

Application filed October 12, 1921' Serial No. 507,346. I

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE A. SHALER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Waupun, county of Dodge, and State of Wisconsin, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Burners, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to burners for hydrocarbon, and is particularlydirected to kerosene burners.

Objects of this invention are to provide a burner which will produce aperfect mixture; to provide a burner so constructed that an adequate andproper amount of air is ensured; to provide a burner which securesintimate mixing, at a plurality of points, of the air and fuel; toprovide a burner which has a primary mixing operation and a secondarymixing operation; and to provide a burner which will produce asubstantially colorless or slightly bluish flame with no resulting fumesfrom unburnt material.

Further objects are to provide a burner which will produce a very stableflame; to provide a burner which may be placed in a strong draft withoutdanger of extinguishing the flame; .and to provide a burner of" suchconstruction that external currents of air, altho directly strikingtheburner, will at most merely aid in the rapidity of combustion.

Further objects are to provide a burner which may be formed from acomparatively simple casting, which is provided with adequate means forcleaning the burner from any deposits that may occur; to provide meansfor draining the burner when it is desired, and to provide a burner withreadily renewable parts, so that if any part becomes worn or damageditmay be quickly and easily replaced. a

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, inwhich Figure 1 is a plan, partly in section, of the burner.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional elevation of the structure shown inFigure 1.

The burner comprises a body portion which may be. formed from a singlecasting, and is providedwith a bottom wall 1 and top wall 2, andconcentric inner and outer circular walls 3 and 4. A cavity 5 of annularcontour .is thereby provided between theseiwalls. Both the upper wall 2and outer wall 4 extend upwardly to provide upper flanges 6. A baffleplate consisting of a relatively small disc 7 centrally positioned abovethe upper wall is integrally joined to. such flanges 6 by means of apair of outwardly projecting tongues 8. The outer wall 6, at one side,projects to form acavity 9 into which an elbow-joint 10 is screwed. Fromthis elbow joint a supply pipe 11 ex tends transversely across the upperportion of the burner and above the connecting tongues 8. This supplypipe is preferably downwardly turned as indicated at '12 upon theopposite side of the burner and extends from this point to a supply tankwhich contains the fuel under pressure.

A duct or passage way 13 extends down wardly from the interior of thecavity 5 and is provided with a relatively short upwardly projectingprotecting flange or shoulder 14. The lower portion oil this duct isthreaded and receives the neck 15 of the needle valve nozzle 16, suchnozzle being provided with a very small opening at its upper end andwith a control or hand wheel 17 at its lower end by which the flow ofgas through the minute opening may be readily controlled. Above thenozzle 16 a tube 18 is positioned with slight clearance between theupper end of the nozzle tothe lower end of the tube. This tube may becylindrical or have Venturi shape and is positioned in a circularopening in a bracket 19, formed integrally with the body portion of theburner, and is retained in position by means of a set screw 20. It is tobe noted that the tube 18 is spaced a material distance from the innerwall 3 and is concentrically arranged with respect to such inner wall.

In order to facilitate the draining and cleaning of the burner when thesupply of fuel is cut off from the supply pipe 11, a drain pipe 21 isprovided, such pipe being screwed into a threaded duct 22 communicatingwith the cavity 5 at any desired point. The lower end of the drain pipeis equipped with a stop cock 23, which, of course, is closed duringnormal operation. .A pair of removable plugs 24 and 25 are provided inthe outer wall 4: of the burner and greatly facilitate the removal ofany carbonized material or collected sediment within the cavity 5.

.The operation of thedevice is as follows:

The fuel passing under pressure through the pipe 11, which latter ispreferably loosely packed with asbestos 26, is partially or c0mpletelyvaporized in such pipe, although the direct flame is deflected by thetongues 8 and battle plate 7 from contact with such pipe. The gas andany remaining liquid passed into the cavity which is also heated by theflame which closely hugs the upper wall 2, and by the radiated head fromother portions of the burner; This gas is then 'lurther heated and thecomplete vaporization of the fuel is insured, the upwardly extending ribpreventingany liquid that may remain in the cavity 5 from passing freelyinto the duct 13 and to the nozzle 16. This gas under pressure passesupwardly through th'e'ininute opening in thenozzle 16 and entraiiis airin thepipe 18,- due to the high velocity of the upwardly passing streamof gas. The resulting mixture in the tube 18 is relatively rich and isprojected upwardly at a high velocity against the battle plate 7 to beuniformly spread bysuch plate. The outwardly passing sheet of thin fihnof rich mixture entrains further quantities offresh air which passupwardly between the tube 18 and the annular wall 3, and causes intimatemixing of th'erelatively rich mixture and incoming-fresh air. Thiseffect" is further increased by the peculiar construction or burner,-for it will be seen that-the film of intimately mixed gas and airpassing radially outwardly beneath the disk 7 is of constantlyincreasingcross sectional area. Consequently the eitect of this is toproduce a suction, inasmuch as the velocity will necessarily beretarded, as the same volume of gases flow out in given quantitiesacross the sectional-area, if supplied solely by that passing thru thetube 18. However, as this velocity is decreased, a suction occurs, andadditional air is drawn into intimate contact withthe outwardly passingfilm.

From actual experiments with this burner, it has been found thatapractically color less, or at most a slightly bluish flame, isproduced, and that no objectional odors from any unburned particlesinsult. It has also been found that the burner will operate eiliciently,although subjected to a strong draft of air, for as will be seen thatthe air rushing across the upper surf-ace of the burner will not blowout tlie flanie', but at most will increase the velocity of up- 'ardlypassing 1 gases.

It is also to be'noted-that the bu-rner may i be readily constructedcheaply and-with a minimum amount of machine' work, and that adequatemeans are provided for readilycleaniiig such burner.

I claiin: 1. A hydrocarbonburner comprising the con'ibination of a bodyportion subdivided into an'upper 'cup=shaped open cavity and a lowerannular cavity through which a tubular'airpassage extends tothe uppercavity, a dis]; covering the central portion of the upper cavity andsupported from the side walls thereof in spaced relation thereto, a ringsupported from the wall of the air passage, a tube adjustably supportedby said ring in the air passage, a valved nozzle in communication withsaid lower cavity and arranged to discharge upwardly into the lower endof said tube, and a fuel supply pipe leading horizontally across theupper cavity and downwardly into the'lower cavity.

2 A hydrocarbon burner comprising a metal body having an upper burnercavity and a lower vapor cavity, the latter provided with a central airpassage therethrough leadingto the upper cavity, a central baiiie 'platecoveringthe portion of the upper cavity above said air passage, an openended mixing tube supported in the air passage, a nozzle adapted todeliver fluid from the vapor cavity to the mixing tube, and a fuelsupply duct extending across the upper cavity and communicating with thevapor cavity.

3. A hydrocarbon burner comprising a metal body havingan upper burnercavity and a lower vapor cavity, the latter provided with a central airpassage therethrough leading. to the upper cavity, a central battleplate coveringthe portion of the upper cavity above said air passage, an

open ended mixing tube supported in the air passage, a nozzle adapted todeliver fluid -from the vapor cavity to the mixing tube,

'and a fuel supply ductextending across the upper cavity andcommunicating with the vapor cavity, said metal body disk and the wallsof the air passage being formed integrally of cast metal, and said vaporcavity being provided with a valved drain aperture and normally pluggedclean-out apertures.

l; Ina hydrocarbon burner comprising the combination of a cast metalbody having a vapor cavity, and 'a central air passageextending,therethrough, a supply duct extending horizontally across thecentral portion of said body and communicating with said cavity, saidbody having a superposed burner cavity to which saidair passage leads,interposed between the lower cavity and the supply duct and providedwith a central bafiie plate for directing fluid radially inthe burnercavity, said-burner cavity being open at the top on both sides of thesupply duct between the bafiie plate and its outer walls, a mixingtubein the air passage spaced from the side walls thereof, a nozzle arrangedto discharge upwardly into the mining tube, and'connections forsupplying fuel from the vapor cavity to said nozzle from a pointsubstantially midway between the top and bottom of the vapor cavity.

5. A hydrocarbon burner comprising the combination of a body portionsubdivided into a burner cavity and a vapor cavity beneath said burnercavity and provided With a tubular air passage extending upwardly to theburner cavity, a disk like baffle plate disposed above said passage andspaced from the Walls of said burner cavity, a pair of armsextendingfrom the side Walls of said cavity and supporting the baffleplate at opposite sides thereof, a tube adjustably 10 supported in saidair passage, a valve nozzle in communication with the vapor cavity andarranged to discharge upwardly into said tube, and a fuel supply pipeleading horizontally across the burner cavity and downwardly into thevapor cavity, said baffle plate having its supporting arms disposedsubstantially vertically beneath said fuel supply i pipe.

CLARENCE SEALER.

